Crates are often associated with puppies, but adult dogs can benefit from them too. A crate can be a quiet place to rest, a safe space during busy household moments, a way to travel safely by car and a helpful tool during recovery from surgery. The key with an adult dog is patience. Some adults take to a crate quickly. Others, especially those with past negative experiences, need a slow, gentle introduction.
Choosing and setting up a crate
A crate should be large enough for your dog to stand up, turn around and lie down comfortably. Wire crates offer airflow and visibility, while plastic crates feel more enclosed and are often used for travel. Some dogs prefer a covered wire crate, which provides a cozier den-like feeling.
Place the crate in a part of the home where the family spends time, rather than an isolated room. Add a comfortable bed or blanket, unless your dog tends to chew bedding. Leave the door open at first.
Building positive associations
The goal is for your dog to see the crate as a good place. Go at your dog’s pace:
- Toss treats near the crate, then just inside the door, then further back.
- Feed meals near the crate, then gradually move the bowl inside.
- Offer a special chew or stuffed toy that only appears in the crate.
- Praise and reward any time your dog chooses to go in on its own.
Do not push or force your dog into the crate. If your dog seems hesitant, back up a step and keep sessions short.
Closing the door
Once your dog walks into the crate comfortably, begin closing the door briefly while your dog eats or chews, then open it before your dog finishes. Gradually increase the time the door is closed, staying nearby at first. Next, practice stepping out of sight for a few seconds, then a minute, then longer.
Keep exits calm and uneventful. Opening the door only when your dog is quiet helps teach that calm behavior leads to freedom.
Common mistakes to avoid
- Using the crate as punishment.
- Leaving a dog crated for longer than it can comfortably hold its bladder or longer than its needs for exercise and company allow.
- Rushing the process because of a deadline, like a new job or upcoming trip.
- Leaving collars with dangling tags on in the crate, since they can catch. Many trainers suggest removing collars during crate time.
When a crate is not the answer
Some dogs, especially those with separation anxiety or confinement distress, may panic in a crate and can injure themselves trying to escape. Signs include frantic scratching, biting the bars, heavy drooling, excessive panting or self-injury. If you see these, stop crate training and talk to your veterinarian or a qualified trainer or behaviorist. A gated room, an exercise pen or other alternatives may suit your dog better.
With patience and plenty of rewards, many adult dogs come to see their crate as a favorite retreat.
