Allergies in cats are less talked about than in dogs, but they do occur. Cats can react to environmental allergens such as pollen, dust mites and mold, as well as to flea bites and certain food ingredients. Signs can be subtle or look like other conditions, so careful observation and a veterinary exam are important.
How allergies may look in cats
- Overgrooming. Licking certain areas excessively, sometimes leading to thinning fur or bald patches, often on the belly, inner thighs or legs. Many cats overgroom privately, so you may see hair loss before you see the licking.
- Scratching the head and neck. Sometimes with scabs or sores.
- Small crusty bumps. Tiny scabs, often along the back and neck, sometimes called miliary dermatitis.
- Ear problems. Scratching at the ears or head shaking.
- Respiratory signs. Sneezing or watery eyes can occur, though these signs also have many other causes, including infections.
Many look-alikes
Fleas are one of the most common causes of itching in cats, even in indoor cats, and flea allergy can cause intense reactions to just a few bites. Mites, fungal infections such as ringworm, food allergies, pain and stress-related overgrooming can all look similar. Upper respiratory infections are a frequent cause of sneezing.
That is why a veterinary visit comes first. Your vet may check for parasites, examine the skin and ears, take samples or recommend a strict elimination diet trial if food allergy is suspected.
Respiratory signs need attention
Coughing or wheezing in cats is not typical of simple seasonal allergies and can be a sign of feline asthma or other respiratory conditions. A cat that coughs, wheezes, breathes rapidly or breathes with an open mouth should be seen by a veterinarian. Open-mouth breathing or labored breathing is an emergency.
Helping your cat at home
- Keep flea prevention on schedule for all pets in the home, using products your vet recommends for cats.
- Wash bedding and soft furnishings your cat uses regularly.
- Vacuum frequently and consider an air purifier with a HEPA filter.
- Choose low-dust, unscented litter if dust seems to bother your cat.
- Avoid strong fragrances, air fresheners, smoke and aerosol sprays around your cat.
- Keep windows closed on high-pollen days if your vet suspects pollen allergies.
Never give your cat human allergy medicines without your veterinarian’s guidance. Many common human medications can be dangerous to cats.
Working with your veterinarian
Allergies in cats are usually managed over time. Your vet may discuss medications to control itching or inflammation, treatment for any secondary infections, diet changes and environmental adjustments. Keeping a simple log of symptoms, dates and any changes in the home can help your veterinarian see patterns.
With the right plan, many allergic cats can live comfortable, happy lives. This article is general information only; please talk to your veterinarian about your cat’s symptoms.
