Spring pollen season sends many people reaching for tissues. Pets can be affected by environmental allergens as well, but they often show it differently. Instead of sneezing, many allergic dogs and cats scratch, lick and chew. Recognizing the signs helps you get your pet the right care sooner.
How allergies often show up
In dogs and cats, environmental allergies commonly affect the skin. Signs owners may notice include:
- Frequent scratching, licking or chewing, especially at the paws, belly, armpits or face
- Rubbing the face on furniture or carpet
- Red, irritated skin
- Recurring ear problems, such as head shaking, scratching at the ears or odor
- Hair loss in areas the pet licks often
- Reddish-brown staining of light-colored fur from frequent licking
Some pets also have watery eyes or sneezing. Cats may groom excessively or develop small scabs on the skin.
Seasonal allergies are only one possibility
Itchy skin can have many causes. Parasites, skin infections, food allergies, contact irritants and other medical conditions can all look similar. Allergies can also lead to secondary skin or ear infections that need their own treatment. That is why it is important not to assume your pet simply has hay fever.
Your veterinarian can examine your pet, ask about timing and patterns, and recommend tests or treatment as needed. Notes help. Keep track of when the itching started, which body areas are affected, whether it seems worse after time outdoors and whether anything else has changed, such as a new food, shampoo or cleaning product.
Do not reach for your own medicine cabinet
It is tempting to give a pet the same over-the-counter allergy medicine you use. Please do not do this without your veterinarian’s guidance. Some human medications are dangerous for pets, and some combination products contain ingredients that are toxic to dogs or cats. Dosing also differs. Your vet can recommend options that are safe and appropriate for your pet.
Helpful habits at home
While you work with your vet, a few everyday steps may help reduce exposure to outdoor allergens:
- Wipe your pet’s paws and belly with a damp cloth after walks.
- Wash pet bedding regularly.
- Vacuum and dust often, and consider an air purifier for rooms where your pet spends time.
- Keep up with regular brushing to remove debris from the coat.
- Ask your vet whether medicated or soothing baths would be appropriate.
When to call right away
Contact your veterinarian promptly if your pet has open sores, a strong odor, swelling, signs of pain or a sudden worsening. Seek emergency care for facial swelling, hives with vomiting, or any difficulty breathing, which can signal a more serious reaction. Allergies are often a long-term condition, but with a plan from your veterinarian, many pets can be kept much more comfortable through the seasons.
