In many homes, a pot of white Easter lilies is a sign that spring has arrived. For households with cats, these elegant flowers pose a serious risk. Veterinary organizations and animal poison control services issue reminders about lilies every spring for good reason.
What makes lilies dangerous
Easter lilies belong to the genus Lilium. Lilies in this genus, along with daylilies in the genus Hemerocallis, can cause acute kidney injury in cats. The exact toxin is not fully understood, but the effect is well documented. All parts of the plant are considered toxic, including:
- Leaves and stems
- Petals
- Pollen
- Water in the vase
Even a small exposure can be dangerous. A cat might brush against the flower, get pollen on its fur and then ingest it while grooming. That is why veterinarians generally advise keeping these lilies out of homes with cats entirely.
Other lilies to know
Several popular lilies share this danger to cats, including tiger lilies, Asiatic lilies, Japanese show lilies, stargazer lilies, Oriental lilies, and daylilies. Lilies are common in bouquets, so check flower arrangements before bringing them home or ask the florist to leave lilies out.
Some plants called lilies are not in these genera and have different effects. Peace lilies and calla lilies, for example, contain calcium oxalate crystals that can cause mouth irritation and drooling rather than kidney failure. Lily of the valley is a different plant again and can affect the heart. Because names are confusing, the safest approach is to treat any plant called a lily with caution and check the ASPCA’s plant database at aspca.org.
Signs of lily poisoning
Early signs can include:
- Vomiting
- Drooling
- Loss of appetite
- Lethargy or hiding
As kidney damage progresses, cats may urinate more, then less or not at all, and may become dehydrated and very weak. Signs may seem to improve briefly before worsening. Do not wait for signs to appear if you know or suspect your cat was exposed.
What to do
If you think your cat has chewed on, licked or brushed against a lily, or drunk vase water, contact a veterinarian or emergency clinic immediately. Early treatment, often including fluids, is important for the best chance of protecting the kidneys. You can also contact an animal poison control service such as the ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center or Pet Poison Helpline; a fee may apply. Bring the plant or a photo if you can.
To keep Easter safe for cats:
- Choose lily-free arrangements and tell friends and family before they send flowers.
- Consider cat-safe spring flowers, such as orchids or African violets, after checking the ASPCA list.
- Remove any lily that comes into the house, along with fallen pollen and petals.
- Wash vases thoroughly.
Dogs may get an upset stomach from eating lilies, but the kidney risk is specific to cats. This article is general information only; contact your veterinarian with any concerns.
