Cats are living longer than ever, and many enjoy comfortable, active lives well into their teens. Aging often happens quietly, though. Cats are skilled at hiding discomfort, and changes can be gradual enough that owners attribute them to simply getting older. Knowing what to watch for helps you and your veterinarian catch problems early.
When is a cat a senior?
There is no single birthday when a cat becomes senior. Many veterinarians start thinking of cats as mature or senior somewhere past the age of ten, though individual cats age differently. Your veterinarian may recommend more frequent checkups and routine lab work as your cat gets older, since many age-related conditions can be managed more effectively when found early.
Changes in eating and drinking
Pay attention to appetite and thirst. Changes to watch for include:
- Eating more or less than usual, or becoming picky
- Weight loss or weight gain, even gradual
- Drinking noticeably more water, or urinating more often or in larger amounts
- Dropping food, chewing on one side or pawing at the mouth, which can signal dental pain
- Vomiting more often than before
Increased thirst and urination are worth mentioning to your veterinarian, since they can be associated with conditions such as kidney disease, diabetes or an overactive thyroid, all of which are more common in older cats.
Changes in movement and grooming
Arthritis is common in older cats and is often underrecognized. Cats rarely limp obviously. Instead, you might notice your cat hesitating before jumping, no longer using high perches, taking stairs more slowly or sleeping more. A senior cat may groom less, especially along the back and hindquarters, leading to an unkempt or matted coat. It may also have trouble climbing into a litter box with high sides, leading to accidents. Your veterinarian can assess joint pain and discuss options to keep your cat comfortable. Never give your cat pain medication meant for people or dogs, as many are toxic to cats.
Changes in behavior
Older cats may become more vocal, especially at night, seem confused or disoriented, change their sleep patterns or become more clingy or more withdrawn. Changes in litter box habits, such as going outside the box, can have medical causes and should not be dismissed as bad behavior. Some of these changes may be related to pain, illness, vision or hearing loss, or age-related changes in the brain. All are worth discussing with your veterinarian.
Partner with your veterinarian
Keep notes on what you see at home, such as changes in weight, appetite, thirst, litter box habits and activity, and bring them to your cat’s checkups. Regular weigh-ins at home or at the clinic can reveal trends. With attentive care and a good relationship with your vet, senior cats can continue to enjoy their favorite sunny spots and lap time for years to come.
