Gradual changes in hearing and vision are common as dogs and cats age. Owners often notice that their pet no longer comes running at the sound of the treat bag, startles when touched while sleeping or bumps into furniture in dim light. These changes can be sad to see, but most pets adapt well, especially when their people help.
Sudden changes in vision or hearing, or any eye that looks red, painful or cloudy, should be checked by a veterinarian promptly. Some causes are treatable, and some, like sudden blindness, can be linked to other health problems.
Recognizing Hearing Loss
Signs your pet may be losing hearing include:
- Not responding to their name or familiar cues
- Sleeping more deeply and being hard to wake
- Startling easily when approached
- Barking or meowing more loudly than before
- Not reacting to the doorbell or other household sounds
Ear infections, wax buildup and other treatable problems can also reduce hearing, so have your veterinarian check the ears.
Recognizing Vision Changes
Many older pets develop a bluish haze in the eyes called nuclear sclerosis, which is a normal aging change and usually does not significantly affect vision. Cataracts can look similar but may impair sight. Only a veterinary exam can tell the difference.
Signs of vision loss include bumping into objects, hesitation in dim light or on stairs, reluctance to jump and seeming anxious in unfamiliar places.
Helping a Pet With Hearing Loss
- Use hand signals. Many dogs learn visual cues easily. Pair simple gestures with rewards.
- Approach where they can see you. Avoid startling a sleeping pet; gently stomping the floor or touching them softly on the shoulder can help.
- Use a light. Flicking a porch light can call a dog in from the yard.
- Keep dogs leashed or in secure areas. A pet who cannot hear traffic or your voice needs extra protection.
Helping a Pet With Vision Loss
- Keep furniture, bowls and beds in consistent places
- Use baby gates at stairs and pool areas
- Add textured rugs to mark doorways or important spots
- Speak as you approach so your pet knows you are there
- Use scent-based games and toys that make sound
- Pad sharp furniture corners at pet height if needed
Keep Life Enriching
Pets rely heavily on smell, and that often stays strong into old age. Sniff walks, scent games and puzzle feeders can keep older pets mentally engaged. Keep routines predictable, since familiar patterns help pets feel secure.
Make sure your pet’s ID tag and microchip information are up to date, since a pet with reduced senses may have more trouble finding their way home if they get lost. Most of all, be patient. With time and support, many pets with reduced hearing or sight continue to enjoy full, happy lives.
