If you have ever wondered why your cat barely seems to touch its water bowl, you are not alone. Many cats drink surprisingly little compared with dogs. Part of the explanation lies in their history, and part lies in their preferences. Understanding both can help you encourage healthy hydration, which matters for overall health and especially for the urinary tract and kidneys.
A desert inheritance
Domestic cats are descended from wildcats that lived in dry regions of North Africa and the Middle East. Their ancestors got much of the water they needed from their prey, since small animals are mostly water. Over time, cats developed kidneys that are very good at concentrating urine and conserving water, and many cats have a relatively weak drive to drink. That works well for a wild cat eating fresh prey. A house cat eating mostly dry food, which contains much less moisture, may not make up the difference by drinking more.
Cats can be particular about water
Cats often have strong opinions about how and where they drink. Common preferences include:
- Water placed away from food bowls and well away from the litter box
- Wide, shallow bowls that do not brush against their whiskers
- Fresh water, changed often, rather than water that has been sitting
- Moving water, such as a fountain or a dripping tap
- Glass, ceramic or stainless steel bowls rather than some plastics, which can hold odors
- Quiet locations, away from busy hallways and noisy appliances
Experimenting with bowl type and placement can reveal what your cat likes best. Some cats prefer drinking from a glass on the nightstand, so try offering a similar container in a safe spot.
Moisture from food
Wet food contains a lot more water than dry kibble, so cats that eat some or all wet food take in more fluid overall. Some owners add a little water to wet food. If you are considering changing your cat’s diet, talk to your veterinarian first, especially if your cat has kidney, urinary or other health issues, and make any change gradually.
Small changes that may help
Place several water stations around the home, including on each floor. Refresh water at least daily and wash bowls regularly. If you try a fountain, keep it clean and change filters as directed. In summer, keep bowls out of direct sunlight so water stays cool and appealing.
When drinking changes
A cat that suddenly starts drinking much more than usual, or much less, should be seen by a veterinarian. Increased thirst can be associated with kidney disease, diabetes and hyperthyroidism. Decreased drinking alongside lethargy, vomiting or reduced appetite can also signal illness. Straining in the litter box, frequent small urinations or blood in the urine are reasons to call your veterinarian right away, and a male cat that cannot pass urine is an emergency. Your vet can help you understand what normal looks like for your cat.
