Brushing is considered the most effective thing you can do at home for your dog’s teeth. It removes plaque before it hardens into tartar. The trick is building up slowly so your dog sees brushing as a pleasant routine rather than a wrestling match. Expect the process to take a few weeks.
Gather the right supplies
- Dog toothpaste. Never use human toothpaste. It can contain ingredients such as fluoride or xylitol that are not safe for dogs to swallow. Pet toothpastes are made to be swallowed and often come in flavors dogs like.
- A brush. A soft pet toothbrush, a finger brush or a soft child’s brush can work. Choose a size that fits your dog’s mouth.
- Treats or praise. You want every session to end on a good note.
The gradual plan
Spend a few days on each step, moving forward only when your dog is relaxed. If your dog pulls away, go back a step.
- Handle the mouth. Gently touch your dog’s muzzle and lips during calm moments. Reward and stop.
- Taste the toothpaste. Let your dog lick a little paste off your finger.
- Touch the teeth. Lift the lip and rub a finger with paste along the outer surface of a few front teeth.
- Introduce the brush. Let your dog lick paste off the brush. Then touch it briefly to the canine teeth, the long ones near the front.
- Brush a few teeth. Use small circular motions along the gumline, angling the bristles slightly toward the gums.
- Work toward the back. Gradually add the cheek teeth, where tartar often builds up most.
Technique tips
Focus on the outer surfaces of the teeth, the side facing the cheeks. That is where plaque tends to collect, and most dogs will not let you reach the inner surfaces anyway. Keep sessions short. Thirty seconds to a minute or two of calm brushing is plenty once your dog is used to it.
Pick a consistent time, such as after the evening walk, so it becomes part of the routine. Daily brushing is ideal because plaque forms continually. If daily is not realistic, a few times a week still helps.
When to stop and call the vet
Brushing should not hurt. If your dog flinches, the gums bleed a lot, or you see broken teeth, swelling or heavy tartar, pause and talk to your veterinarian. Brushing an already painful mouth can make your dog averse to the whole idea. Your vet may recommend an exam and professional cleaning first, then home care to maintain the results.
Some dogs, especially those with a history of handling issues, may need extra help. A veterinarian or a qualified trainer can suggest ways to make handling easier. Never force the brush on a dog that is growling or snapping.
Celebrate small wins
Getting a dog comfortable with brushing is a real accomplishment. Even a partial routine, brushing just the front and side teeth, is better than none. Over time, many dogs come to expect their flavored toothpaste and line up for it.
This is general information. Ask your veterinarian for guidance specific to your dog.
